مجله پژوهش های اعتقادی کلامی
پیاپی 11 (پاییز 1392)

Muslim scholars have no doubt that the Bible is distorted and not valid. On the other hand, the term "Distoration" has been seriously named in Quran. Jewish and Christian do not insist on the theory of Revelation nature of Bible. In Islam, there is Inconsistency between the Quranic and theological approach to the Concept of distortion of Torah and Ingil (T.&I.). In the Quran, T.&I. as a divine revelations - which are not necessarily written texts – are respected to be believed. There is a difference between T.&I. which are revealed and what were available. From the Quranic perspective T.&I. have all divine revelation originated. A Survey on Quran verses and hadith shows that the theological approach to the problem of distortion(based on textual Instability) and Quranic approach have not a perfect harmony. The main reason for this lack of coordination is misunderstanding the discursive space - not just writing nature – which could influence on the analysis of the Distortion phenomenon. Basically, Quran has no a serious intention to enter the subject of distortion and T.&I. are not considered as a literary nature in Quran and hadith. So basically the criticizing Bible by Quran is unrealistic and not expected based on a scientific understanding of the cultural discourse. Finally What Quran considers by distortion has a clear single meaning: concealing the truth of prophet Mohammad (PBUH).

The return issue is a interreligious discussion that different Islamic sects have presented different views upon it. Since many questions and doubts have been proposed in this issue and different evidences have been addressed in this case, the return issue and returned persons is very important. Considering the border between the return and other terms such as reincarnation and harmony of the return and resurrection is the main and important which should be studied and its reality clarified. Returned person is other main issue; whether returned persons are competent persons or non –competent persons will return? Whether it is necessary that returned persons have a special religion or is it possible that people with different religion will return? Whether returned persons must have a special name or the return is based on real behavior and internal belief? This paper study these issues and main questions and ambiguity by librarian sources and studies method.

The rationality of religious beliefs has gone through numerous changes among religious scholars.Inefficiency of extreme approaches in the area of fideism and rationalism led to the emergence of more moderate attitudes to the interpretation and justification of belief rationality and religious propositions.In this paper, the streams of extreme rationalism and fideism with the intellectual representatives of each are briefly mentioned and then other moderate attitudesin this area will be discussed.In the end,some ways or reasons which explain acceptance of religious belief rationality are presented.

The literal meaning of (i.e. Ability to do an action) is the power, and this meaning is used in Quran. The question about the issue was common by the first century; and there is an extant declaration of Imam Ali (pbuh) of the Ability. After a while the theological term of was inaugurated and according to historical accounts wrote a book on this field. There are two approaches of ability which are "Ability before the Action" and "Ability with the Action". (̅ ̅) that each of them had its own defenders. This issue made some debates in Shii Theology. believed in the Ability before the action and believed in the ability with the action.

Each of the Divine Names and Attributes opens up a new horizon of knowledge for the truth seekers. Of these attributes which is emphasized by holy Quran and Hadiths and endorsed by reason is the Will of God. The present article is an attempt for the analysis of the revealed and rational arguments for the explanation of Divine Will in the Shiite domain of thought from its inception to the end of the School of Qum. It is to show the development of the understanding of Divine will in the centuries under study through historical view of the material in question. Both literal and technical meaning of Will have been first treated and then has a review on the traditionist's Mutazilite and Asharite views and finally examine the ideas of theologians in the Presence Age esp. Hisham b. Hakam and Kalam traditionists of the School of Qum focusing on three classic works of Hadith of Mahasin, Kafi and Tawhid. As a result of a total survey we have come to the conclusion that formulation of the Attribute will in theological system in light of new questions yielded new explanations of the nature of the Will and Providence and a selective choice of Hadiths on the side of traditionists.

Beda is one of the verbal and philosophic discussions originate from Quran and Sunnah. Shia scholars show more interest in this regards comparing to the other Islamic groups, providing clear definition and logical approaches. Inspired by different narrative documents (Quran and Sunnah) and intellectual reasons, Shia characterize different dimensions of this subject. Thus, they specify Beda as the Imam based Shia properties.Since the ancient times, because of the Beda influence on religion knowledge (theology, destiny, authority) and its interpretation complexity, the opponents suggest variety of challenges, suspicions and questions in this regards.Currently, MR Nasser Ghafghazi raises some suspicions about Beda in his book (Shia religion principle). In the present work, based on our ancestor manner and avoiding irrational prejudice, we attempt to demonstrate Beda on scientific and rational logics in Shia ideology. Therefore, this study provides good response to his suspicion and illusions, defending the Shia rights.According to the books outlines, we classify the most important suspicions in the following 5 categories:1. Beda is not mentioned in Quran and the prophets Sunnah.2. Beda necessitates the ignorance in theology.3. Beda as an Islamic thought or non-Islamic phenomenon4. Claiming the divine science for Shia Imams5. Beda in Shia Imams successions

Principle of grace is one of the eloquence principles that have been considered by Islamic speakers and they have get advantage of this principle in resolving some of eloquence issues. In the field of speech studies among Shia’a speakers, two approaches could be observed from this principle. Some of the speakers know its area on the issue of evolution and religion and have used it in stabilization and explanation main speech issues like necessity of prophetic mission, necessity of primary tasks, necessity of chastity in prophet and Emam (PBUH), necessity of Emamat, explanation of sufferings. Others see this principle from an especial viewpoint and consider it of task belongings. This research deals with approaches of Shia’a speakers at first and then this issue has been examined in Seyed Morteza eloquence thoughts from Shia’a 4th and 5th century of A.H. in this study, it has been evident that grace in Seyed Morteza’ s viewpoint is a kind of God’ s assistance and involvement in the field of task that has been done for encouraging compliance and avoiding guilt which this God’s approbation, on one hand, is not in contrast with the principle of human’s freedom and on the other hand it is of genesis actins which are granted after confirmation of task on behalf of worshiper. This is the main finding of the research.